From Nicholas McLaren,
Your Guide to Scuba Diving.
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Common Name: Whale Shark

Scientific Name: Rhincodon typus

Description: With a mouth up to 4.9 feet (1.5 meters) wide the whale shark has a wide, flat head that features two small eyes towards the front. The whale shark has five gills and a grayish blue body with a white underside. There are three ridges along each side of the whale shark and it is covered in a pattern of white/yellow spots. These spots are unique and allow each shark to be individually identified.

Classification:
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Chondrichthyes
Subclass: Elasmobranchii
Order: Orectolobiformes
Family: Rhincodontidae
Genus: Rhincodon

Maximum Size: 2000cm

Habitat & Range: Whale sharks are found in tropical and warm temperate seas all around the world with the exception of the Mediterranean. They're found between 0-700 meters and are usually encountered by divers when they surface to feed.

Diet: Whale sharks are filter feeders. The whale shark's many rows of teeth play no part in feeding. Instead the whale shark takes in a mouth full of water which is then expelled from the gills. Food is filtered out of the water during this process. The whale shark's diet consists of phytoplankton, macro-algae, plankton, krill and small nektonic life, such as small squid or vertebrates.

Lifespan: We can't be sure but Whale sharks are thought to live to 60-70 years of age.

Predators: Juveniles can be at risk from other sharks. Adults have no predators in the sea.

Red List Status: Vulnerable

Sources:
Whale Shark (2008, March 20) FishBase
Rhincodon typus (2008, March 20) ITIS Report
Whale Shark (2008, March 20) Florida Museum of Natural History